Linux VPS 系统精简优化实战指南

说明： 在安装Linux系统前我们需要顾虑到电脑硬件性能，选择最小化安装非常有必要，毕竟服务器资源一定的情况下，系统只会日益臃肿慢慢开始拖慢所有服务，这些因素在我们安装系统前就应该考虑的，分析哪些是服务器必需和非必需从而尽可能的精简系统。

提示： 请在刚装好的系统中执行操作，而不是在已经运行网站的服务器中优化机器，以免出现机器问题。

Debian系统精简优化#

升级Debian系统

1
apt-get update&&apt-get upgrade

移除多余的软件

1
apt-get -y purge apache2-* bind9-* xinetd samba-* nscd-* portmap sendmail-* sasl2-bin

对于这些被移除软件的说明：

1
apache2-* //apache服务器,一般我们自己会用一键安装包安装
2
bind9-* //我们不需要用VPS搭建DNS,所以去掉
3
xinetd //xinetd是服务守护进程
4
samba-* //samba能让linux使用windows共享功能，不需要
5
nscd-* //DNS缓存软件，同bind9，不需要
6
portmap //端口转发，一般Web服务器不需要
7
sendmail-* //发送邮件用，如果有需要保留
8
sasl2-bin //一个权限程序，占用资源，删除

删除多余组件

1
apt-get -y purge lynx memtester unixodbc python-* odbcinst-* sudo tcpdump ttf-*

清理缓存文件

1
apt-get autoremove && apt-get clean

通过上述4步，就可以完成对debian系统的精简优化。

CentOS 系统精简优化#

删除不必要的自带软件包

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yum remove Deployment_Guide-en-US finger cups-libs cups ypbind
2
yum remove bluez-libs desktop-file-utils ppp rp-pppoe wireless-tools irda-utils
3
yum remove sendmail* samba* talk-server finger-server bind* xinetd
4
yum remove nfs-utils nfs-utils-lib rdate fetchmail eject ksh mkbootdisk mtools
5
yum remove syslinux tcsh startup-notification talk apmd rmt dump setserial portmap yp-tools
6
yum groupremove "Mail Server" "Games and Entertainment" "X Window System" "X Software Development"
7
yum groupremove "Development Libraries" "Dialup Networking Support"
8
yum groupremove "Games and Entertainment" "Sound and Video" "Graphics" "Editors"
9
yum groupremove "Text-based Internet" "GNOME Desktop Environment" "GNOME Software Development"

升级centos系统

1
yum update #更新系统
2
yum clean all #清理全部缓存文件

禁用seLinux

1
sestatus #先执行看seLinux状态，如果不是disabled，就需要执行下面步骤，否则不要执行
2
vi /etc/selinux/config
3
SELINUX=disabled #禁用SeLinux
4
SELINUX=enforcing #使用SeLinux

禁止IPV6（执行后需要reboot重启）

1
vi /etc/modprobe.conf #打开文件，把下面两行加到最后
2
alias net-pf-10 off
3
alias ipv6 off

初始化防火墙

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touch /etc/sysconfig/iptables
2
iptables -F
3
iptables -X
4
iptables -Z
5
service iptables save
6
service iptables restart

禁止无用服务

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#! /bin/bash
2
service acpid off
3
service atd stop
4
service auditd stop
5
service avahi-daemon stop
6
service avahi-dnsconfd stop
7
service bluetooth stop
8
service conman stop
9
service cpuspeed stop
10
service cups stop
11
service dnsmasq stop
12
service dund stop
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service firstboot stop
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service hidd stop
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service httpd stop
16
service ibmasm stop
17
service ip6tables stop
18
service irda stop
19
service kdump stop
20
service lm_sensors stop
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service mcstrans stop
22
service messagebus stop
23
service microcode_ctl stop
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service netconsole stop
25
service netfs stop
26
service netplugd stop
27
service nfs stop
28
service nfslock stop
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service nscd stop
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service ntpd stop
31
service oddjobd stop
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service pand stop
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service pcscd stop
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service portmap stop
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service psacct stop
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service rdisc stop
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service restorecond stop
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service rpcgssd stop
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service rpcidmapd stop
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service rpcsvcgssd stop
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service saslauthd stop
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service sendmail stop
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service setroubleshoot stop
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service smb stop
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service vncserver stop
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service winbind stop
47
service wpa_supplicant stop
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service xfs stop
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service ypbind stop
50
service yum-updatesd stop
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chkconfig acpid off
52
chkconfig atd off
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chkconfig auditd off
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chkconfig avahi-daemon off
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chkconfig avahi-dnsconfd off
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chkconfig bluetooth off
57
chkconfig conman off
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chkconfig cpuspeed off
59
chkconfig cups off
60
chkconfig dnsmasq off
61
chkconfig dund off
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chkconfig firstboot off
63
chkconfig hidd off
64
chkconfig httpd off
65
chkconfig ibmasm off
66
chkconfig ip6tables off
67
chkconfig irda off
68
chkconfig kdump off
69
chkconfig lm_sensors off
70
chkconfig mcstrans off
71
chkconfig messagebus off
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chkconfig microcode_ctl off
73
chkconfig netconsole off
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chkconfig netfs off
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chkconfig netplugd off
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chkconfig nfs off
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chkconfig nfslock off
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chkconfig nscd off
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chkconfig ntpd off
80
chkconfig oddjobd off
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chkconfig pand off
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chkconfig pcscd off
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chkconfig portmap off
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chkconfig psacct off
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chkconfig rdisc off
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chkconfig restorecond off
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chkconfig rpcgssd off
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chkconfig rpcidmapd off
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chkconfig rpcsvcgssd off
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chkconfig saslauthd off
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chkconfig sendmail off
92
chkconfig setroubleshoot off
93
chkconfig smb off
94
chkconfig vncserver off
95
chkconfig winbind off
96
chkconfig wpa_supplicant off
97
chkconfig xfs off
98
chkconfig ypbind off
99
chkconfig yum-updatesd off

这样通过上述6步骤，就可以完成对centos精简和优化。

Debian系统精简优化#

CentOS 系统精简优化#

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